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背景 Ubuntu是新生代农民工比较常用的Linux系统。由于一些原因，当我们用官网的源的更新和下载包的时候，很慢、很卡、很费时间。所以，我们应该把它换成国内的源。 换源ubuntu的源存放在/etc/apt/source.list,在换源之前我们要记得对之前的源进行备份，这样的好处是，万一你不行，你还可以复原回去。然后我们可以用vim操作这个文件，可以把之前的删了注释都行，按住SHIFT + G跳到最后一行后，按住o进入编辑模式，然后贴下源哇，具体的操作步骤如下(以21.04为例)： cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak vim /etc/apt/sources.list贴 # source && source code deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ hirsute main restricted universe multiverse # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ hirsute main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ hirsute-updates main restricted universe multiverse # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ hirsute-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ hirsute-backports main restricted universe multiverse # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ hirsute-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ hirsute-security main restricted universe multiverse # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ hirsute-security main restricted universe multiverse # Advance distribution source, Not recommended # deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ hirsute-proposed main restricted universe multiverse # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ hirsute-proposed main restricted universe multiverse # source && source code deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu hirsute main restricted deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu hirsute-updates main restricted deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu hirsute universe deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu hirsute-updates universe deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu hirsute multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu hirsute-updates multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu hirsute-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu hirsute-security main restricted deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hirsute-security universe deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hirsute-security multiverse按下esc, 输入:wq 然后敲sudo apt-get update && apt-get upgrade 脚本为王ubuntu有很多个版本，12.04之前的我们就不管它了，太老了。每一个版本都有一个代号，比如trusty（14.04）、xenial（16.04）、bionic（18.04）、groovy（20.10）、hirsute（21.04）。不管代号怎么变，相关的源的网址它是固定的，比如五道口的源是https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu， 阿里的源是http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu。所以，我们其实可以写个脚本去做这件事，输入是ubuntu的版本号，输出是相关的源（这里选五道口和阿里的吧）。 脚本如下： #!/bin/bash function change_sources() { echo "#======= change sources.list start =======#" echo "Input Your Ubuntu Version：" read UBUNTU_VERSION echo "Your Ubuntu Version is ${UBUNTU_VERSION}" if [ ${UBUNTU_VERSION} = "12.04" ] || [ ${UBUNTU_VERSION} = "14.04" ] || [ ${UBUNTU_VERSION} = "16.04" ] || [ ${UBUNTU_VERSION} = "18.04" ] || [ ${UBUNTU_VERSION} = "20.10" ] || [ ${UBUNTU_VERSION} = "21.04" ]; then cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak cp ./apt/${UBUNTU_VERSION}/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list apt-get update && apt-get upgrade fi echo '#======= change sources.list end =======#' } change_sources操作步骤如下： git clone https://gitee.com/taoge2021/env-config.git cd env-config/linux/ubuntu/sources chmod u+x change-sources.sh ./change-source.sh这个是完整的日志： root@ubuntu-ataola-2:/home/ataola# ./change-sources.sh #======= change sources.list start =======# Input Your Ubuntu Version： 21.04 Your Ubuntu Version is 21.04 Hit:1 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu hirsute InRelease Hit:2 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu hirsute-updates InRelease Hit:3 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu hirsute-backports InRelease Get:4 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu hirsute-security InRelease [101 kB] Get:5 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute InRelease [269 kB] Get:6 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hirsute-security InRelease [101 kB] Get:7 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-updates InRelease [109 kB] Get:8 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-backports InRelease [101 kB] Get:9 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-security InRelease [101 kB] Get:10 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute/main amd64 Packages [1,394 kB] Get:11 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute/main Translation-en [511 kB] Get:12 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute/main amd64 c-n-f Metadata [29.5 kB] Get:13 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute/restricted amd64 Packages [78.0 kB] Get:14 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute/restricted Translation-en [12.0 kB] Get:15 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute/restricted amd64 c-n-f Metadata [436 B] Get:16 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute/universe amd64 Packages [13.2 MB] Get:17 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hirsute-security/universe amd64 Packages [211 kB] Get:18 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hirsute-security/universe Translation-en [41.2 kB] Get:19 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hirsute-security/universe amd64 c-n-f Metadata [4,968 B] Get:20 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hirsute-security/multiverse amd64 Packages [3,364 B] Get:21 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hirsute-security/multiverse Translation-en [828 B] Get:22 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hirsute-security/multiverse amd64 c-n-f Metadata [220 B] Get:23 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute/universe Translation-en [5,441 kB] Get:24 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute/universe amd64 c-n-f Metadata [279 kB] Get:25 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute/multiverse amd64 Packages [206 kB] Get:26 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute/multiverse Translation-en [108 kB] Get:27 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute/multiverse amd64 c-n-f Metadata [8,124 B] Get:28 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-updates/main amd64 Packages [325 kB] Get:29 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-updates/main Translation-en [88.3 kB] Get:30 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-updates/main amd64 c-n-f Metadata [6,420 B] Get:31 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-updates/restricted amd64 Packages [158 kB] Get:32 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-updates/restricted Translation-en [22.1 kB] Get:33 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-updates/restricted amd64 c-n-f Metadata [476 B] Get:34 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-updates/universe amd64 Packages [274 kB] Get:35 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-updates/universe Translation-en [64.3 kB] Get:36 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-updates/universe amd64 c-n-f Metadata [6,556 B] Get:37 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages [4,376 B] Get:38 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-updates/multiverse Translation-en [1,136 B] Get:39 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-updates/multiverse amd64 c-n-f Metadata [252 B] Get:40 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-backports/main amd64 c-n-f Metadata [112 B] Get:41 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-backports/restricted amd64 c-n-f Metadata [120 B] Get:42 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-backports/universe amd64 Packages [3,728 B] Get:43 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-backports/universe Translation-en [1,252 B] Get:44 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-backports/universe amd64 c-n-f Metadata [192 B] Get:45 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-backports/multiverse amd64 c-n-f Metadata [120 B] Get:46 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-security/main amd64 Packages [212 kB] Get:47 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-security/main Translation-en [55.8 kB] Get:48 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-security/main amd64 c-n-f Metadata [3,636 B] Get:49 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-security/restricted amd64 Packages [156 kB] Get:50 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-security/restricted Translation-en [21.8 kB] Get:51 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-security/restricted amd64 c-n-f Metadata [476 B] Get:52 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-security/universe amd64 Packages [211 kB] Get:53 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-security/universe Translation-en [41.2 kB] Get:54 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-security/universe amd64 c-n-f Metadata [4,968 B] Get:55 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-security/multiverse amd64 Packages [3,364 B] Get:56 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-security/multiverse Translation-en [828 B] Get:57 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu hirsute-security/multiverse amd64 c-n-f Metadata [220 B] Fetched 24.0 MB in 6s (3,771 kB/s) Reading package lists... Done Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done Reading state information... Done Calculating upgrade... Done The following packages have been kept back: ubuntu-advantage-tools 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded. #======= change sources.list end =======# root@ubuntu-ataola-2:/home/ataola# root@ubuntu-ataola-2:/home/ataola# ls /etc/apt apt.conf.d auth.conf.d preferences.d sources.list sources.list.bak sources.list.curtin.old sources.list.d trusted.gpg.d root@ubuntu-ataola-2:/home/ataola# cat /etc/apt/sources.list # source && source code deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ hirsute main restricted universe multiverse # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ hirsute main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ hirsute-updates main restricted universe multiverse # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ hirsute-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ hirsute-backports main restricted universe multiverse # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ hirsute-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ hirsute-security main restricted universe multiverse # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ hirsute-security main restricted universe multiverse # Advance distribution source, Not recommended # deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ hirsute-proposed main restricted universe multiverse # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ hirsute-proposed main restricted universe multiverse # source && source code deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu hirsute main restricted deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu hirsute-updates main restricted deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu hirsute universe deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu hirsute-updates universe deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu hirsute multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu hirsute-updates multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu hirsute-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu hirsute-security main restricted deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hirsute-security universe deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hirsute-security multiverseroot@ubuntu-ataola-2:/home/ataola# 参考文献https://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/%E6%BA%90%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8 |
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